Amy Xie Patrick: What the Fed's shift from inflation to employment means for investors | Pendal Group

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Amy Xie Patrick: What the Fed’s shift from inflation to employment means for investors

August 26, 2025

A shift in focus from inflation to employment hints at a likely rate cut in September. Pendal’s head of income strategies AMY XIE PATRICK explains

SINCE December 2018, we’ve known Fed chair Jay Powell is not afraid to pivot.

Back then the Fed hiking cycle was forced to an abrupt halt when the US economy came under the strain of the first round of Trump’s trade tariffs.

By the following October, the Fed had cut rates by 75 percentage points to 1.75%.

Powell’s latest comments at last weekend’s Fed’s annual gathering in Jackson Hole, Wyoming, may prove to be another example.

In his speech, Powell acknowledged downside risks to employment, suggested further easing from the current “restrictive” policy stance may be appropriate and – for the first time in months – did not make this conditional on the inflation outlook.

Since these remarks, the US bond market has priced in an 85% chance of a cut at the next Federal Open Market Committee meeting in September.

This would take the upper bound of the Fed Funds target rate to 4.25%.

Sceptics view the move as Jay Powell bending to political pressure from President Trump.

The chart below suggests the Fed ought to be getting a little more worried.

US hiring and firing: NFIB Hiring Intentions and Initial Jobless Claims

Source: Bloomberg

The purple line shows the hiring intentions of US businesses, according to a monthly survey by the National Federation of Independent Business.

The yellow line is an inverted series of US initial jobless claims – a weekly series to reflect new joblessness.

The long-standing relationship between the purple and yellow lines is clear to see, and intuitive to grasp.

When businesses stop hiring, they eventually have to start firing. And vice versa.

When businesses feel the bottom is in, they stop firing, and then they start hiring.

This relationship seems to have dislocated of late. We need more time to see whether this is an actual dislocation, or one of those blips in the long-run data.

A possible explanation?

Perhaps businesses sense the slowdown and have paused hiring, but burned by the post-Covid labour shortages, are not yet willing to let people go.

A likely rate cut

September will likely bring a rate cut from the Fed.

Pendal’s analysis of the long-term decision-making bias of the Fed leans heavily on market pricing.

In other words, the Fed doesn’t like to surprise or disappoint (unlike some other central banks we know). That analysis also shows how sensitive the Committee is to labour-market dynamics.

If the Fed has now pivoted its focus from inflation to employment, we too should be looking at the best leading indicators for where labour markets are headed.

If you’d like to hear more about what those lead indicators might be, Pendal’s Income & Fixed Interest team would welcome an opportunity to chat.

You can contact us through the client account team here.

About Amy Xie Patrick and Pendal’s Income and Fixed Interest team

Amy is Pendal’s Head of Income Strategies. She has extensive expertise and experience in emerging markets, global high yield and investment grade credit and holds an honours degree in economics from Cambridge University.

Pendal’s Income and Fixed Interest boutique is one of the most experienced and well-regarded fixed income teams in Australia. The team oversees some $20 billion invested across income, composite, pure alpha, global and Australian government strategies.

Find out more about Pendal’s fixed interest strategies here

About Pendal Group

Pendal is a global investment management business focused on delivering superior investment returns for our clients through active management.

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